Thursday, 14 June 2012

Week 13 Lecture

This week's lecture included a guest speaker. This speaker reinforced Dr Redman's opinion that 'we are the journalist'. Steve Molks originally did a degree in chemistry, but changed career paths a few years ago and became a journalist. Now he is one of the country's most prominent entertainment bloggers, blogging about television, which is something of a passion for him. He spoke about how to control 'your brand' and how to make it work for you. Your brand can even help you get a job.

Steve referred to our JOUR1111 blogs as a portfolio. Our blogs show that we have writing experience and are up to date with technology. He spoke about how blogging is relatively young mainstream media, however it can really take you places and can even turn into a career. 

Steve used blogger Mammamia as a prime example. Mammamia just wrote about issues and things she is interested in. Her writing attracted readers, and Mammamia went from being a mother to a professional blogger.

Although Dr Redman has been saying the same thing about blogging all semester, hearing about Steve's real life experience and other blogging successes made me realise how important blogging, and my JOUR1111 blog, is. 

Visit Steve's blog here.

Visit Mammamia's blog here.

Week 12 Lecture

This week's lecture was about investigative journalism. I strongly agreed with the opening quote by investigative journalist Ross Coulthart...

"Isn't all journalism meant to involve questioning investigation of facts and opinions presented to us?"

For me, all journalism is investigative. Journalism is an investigation of events, people, issues and places.

Dr Redman outlined the four "in's" of investigative journalism:
  • Intelligent
  • Informed
  • Intuitive
  • Inside
Then he discussed the purpose of investigative journalism:
  1. Critical and thorough journalism - the journalist is actively seeking out the story
  2. Custodians of conscience - exposure
  3. Giving a voice to the voiceless - an element of justice
  4. Fourth estate / fourth branch of government / watchdog - those without power are represented, free flow of information, journalists make accountable public personalities
The main message I gathered from the lecture was 'ASSUME NOTHING'. Dr Redman stressed the importance of always checking your facts.

Investigative journalism is something that really interests me. Being able to uncover huge scandals and become a figure of social justice is something I aspire to do.

Week 11 Lecture

This week's lecture was about agenda setting, which sounded all dark and mysterious. I was intrigued. Agenda setting is sort of like the media's secret power that the public has no idea about. Agenda setting is defined as basically how much attention and life span the media gives a certain story in order to make it seem of more or less importance. 

The two basic assumptions of agenda setting are:

  • The mass media do not merely reflect and report reality, they filter and shape it.
  • Media concentration on a few issues and subjects leads the public to perceive those issues as more important than other issues.
These two assumptions are what lead me to believe hat agenda setting the media's 'secret power'. The fact the media can decide to focus on what they deem to be important is a little unsettling.

Also discussed by Dr Redman in the lecture were the two levels of agenda setting:
  • First Level Media Agenda Setting Theory - where the media can suggest what they think the public should focus on in media coverage
  • Second Level Media Agenda Setting Theory - where the media suggests how people should think about an issue.
There is also the Agenda Setting "Family":
  1. Media Gatekeeping - the exposure of an issue
  2. Media Advocacy - promotion of a message through the media
  3. Agenda Cutting - where truth or reality is not represented
  4. Agenda Surfing - the media follows the crowds and trends
  5. The Diffusion of News - the process through which an important event is communicated to the public
  6. Portrayal of an Issue - the way an issue is portrayed to influence it's public perception
  7. Media Dependence - people who are more dependent on the media are more susceptible to agenda setting
The Agenda Setting theory has both it's strengths and weaknesses. Strengths include explanatory power, predictive power and organising power. Weaknesses are people may be skeptical and not ideal for the theory, strong minded people weaken the effects of agenda setting, and news cannot always be concealed.

Dr Redman used the Climate Change as an example of agenda setting. The media plays climate change and global warming up to be a huge issue. Therefore people are more conscious of the problem and are worried about it. Although, it has been speculated that global warming and climate change are natural.

This lecture made me more conscious of agenda setting, and in future I will try to be more aware of bias when viewing news.

 

Week 9 Lecture

To be perfectly honest, I was not at all excited for this lecture. Having previously studied news values in both school and in a uni course I did in grade 11, I didn't want to hear about them for the millionth time. However this lecture put a new spin on news values for me, Dr Bruce Redman explained them differently and more succinctly than my previous teachers.

News values are pretty crucial for every journalist to know. You want to write a story that you know the audience will be interested in and actually want to read. News values can vary between media outlets, but the best list (in my opinion) was included in the lecture:

  • Negativity
  • Proximity
  • Recency
  • Currency
  • Continuity
  • Uniqueness
  • Simplicity
  • Personality
  • Predictability
  • Elite nations or people
  • Exclusivity
  • Size
There were many more different types of news values mentioned during the lecture. It was quite overwhelming to comprehend how many things you should take into account when writing a story to make sure yours is the most interesting to readers. 

Week 8 Lecture

This idea of this lecture was pretty straightforward for me; what is good or bad in journalism? What is ethical or unethical? What I didn't know about were the ethical theories:

  • Deontology
  • Consequentialism (aka Teleology)
  • Virtue 
Deontology is the rules, principles and duties of a journalist. These rules define what is an ethical or unethical story and the correct means of getting the story. Codes of journalism such as MEAA code, PRIA code, AFA code and ANNA code fall under deontology.

Consequentialism is getting the best story no matter the means or breaches of ethics.

Virtue is the "goodness" of journalism, and the good habits. These habits refer to courage, justice, temperance and prudence.

This lecture was pretty reassuring for me, as I have always assumed that journalists are always consequentialists. Knowing that there is actually a set of rules that dictates the fairness of journalism helps me to aspire to be a good journalist; an ethical journalist.

Thursday, 24 May 2012

Annotated Bibliography


The following annotated bibliography focuses on the explosion of digital media, the impact of ‘new media’ in today’s society, and what it means for ‘heritage media’. Sources include a journal article from Australian Journalism Review, an address from the ABC Director of Television, an online news article from the Dubai Press Club, and a print article from The Australian.

O’Donnell, P. (2009). That’s Gold! Thinking About Excellence In Australian Journalism. Australian Journalism Review. 31(2). 47-60.

Author Dr. Penny O’Donnell is currently the Senior Lecturer in International Media at the University of Sydney. She has also had many works published including various journal articles and even her own books. This lends substantial credibility to the article ‘That’s Gold! Thinking About Excellence In Australian Journalism’. The article examines the Walkley Awards of excellence in Australian journalism, in particular the integration of awards for digital media. In 2009, a new category was announced for ‘Best Online Journalism’. O’Donnell attributes this to the ‘”growing industry importance Australian journalism; one of O’Donnell’s favourite research interests (University of Sydney, 2012). The findings of O’Donnell’s Walkley Award research conclude that between 1988-2008, print journalists have been awarded the Gold Walkley over ten times. An online journalist is yet to win a Gold Walkey, however O’Donnell speculates that this may soon change as many newspapers become multi-platform. Throughout the article, O’Donnell maintains an objective tone; she is not biased towards any particular media platform, she just respects quality journalism, no matter the platform. This contrasts to other coverage of the issue, which leans considerably towards the rise of digital media (and subsequently the ‘death’ of print media). The credibility of this article is irrefutable, due to the fact that it was published in the Australian Journalism Review.

Dalton, K. (ABC Director of Television). (2009, November 4). Kanz Broadband Summit, Digital Media Opportunities, Digital Media Initiatives. [Address transcript]. Auckland, New Zealand. ABC.

Kim Dalton has been the ABC Director of Television since his appointment in 2006. In 2007 he was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for his service to the film and television industry. This address from the Korea-Australia-New Zealand (KANZ) Broadband Summit in 2009 focuses on the effect that digital media will have on Free To Air television. Dalton acknowledges that television is now available in many platforms – the traditional television, Internet television, and streaming to mobile phones. He stresses the importance of the National Broadband Network (NBN) and its role in the “new era of converged entertainment.” Dalton’s address is slightly biased towards the traditional viewing of television; this is presumably because he is the ABC’s Director of Television. However, rather than viewing the new platforms as a burden on traditional Free to Air television, Dalton seems to accept these advancements in technology as necessary. He also discusses the opportunities for digital media. For example: a harmonisation of platforms, rather than digital media simply overruling Free to Air television. This address is similar to O’Donnell’s opinion of digital media; that it is not the only way of the future, but it is something that journalism needs to adapt to, to keep up in this “digital age.”

Experts at Arab Media Forum 2012 concur electronic media is reshaping traditional journalism. (2012, May 8). Dubai Press Club. Retrieved from http://www.ameinfo.com/experts-arab-media-forum-2012-concur-299788

This article focuses on the opinions of those who attended the 2012 Arab Media Forum (AMF 2012). Moderators of the forum included Professors from the United Arab Emirates University and writers from Arab newspapers. The forum discussed the relevance of multi-faceted journalism due to social media. The article discusses the impact of social media on traditional media. Opinions from moderators of the forum are the only ones included in the article, leading it to be slightly biased. No opinions are included from anyone who believed that digital media is not affecting traditional journalism. This article differs from the viewpoints of O’Donnell and Dalton; the article implies that digital media is the only way forward for journalism, and that traditional media will be rendered useless. The (unknown) author of the article has used persuasive language to convince readers of their viewpoint. The article also relies largely on quotes from the moderators of the forum, who are quoted as ‘experts’. This is most likely to make the article appear more credible. However, some of the article’s credibility is compromised, as the author is unknown.


Bodey, M. (2012, March 29). Online media revenue to boom but offline will dominate till 2015: Google. The Australian. Retrieved from http://www.theaustralian.com.au/media/online-media-revenue-to-boom-but-offline-will-dominate-till-2015-google/story-e6frg996-1226312901397

Author Michael Bodey is a media writer for The Australian. He has previously worked as arts and media editor for The Daily Telegraph and film critic for The Age. The article “Online media revenue to boom but offline will dominate till 2015: Google” focuses on results of a media report conducted by the Boston Consulting Group. The report showed that the online media sector will contribute to more than half of the expected $4.3 billion growth from 2011 to 2015. However the report predicts that ‘offline’ media will account for around 86% of revenue until 2015.  The article relies mostly on data and quotes from the report, as well as the opinion of Google Australia and New Zealand’s managing director Nick Leeder. This article differs from the opinons of the three previous sources, as both O’Donnell and Dalton lean towards traditional media, and the above source leans toward digital media. Bodey has managed to deliver a balanced article; it acknowledges the boom in online media, but still remains realistic about the reign of traditional media for at least a few years to come. The article is shown to be even more unbiased as Bodey himself is an advocate of online media; frequently using a Twitter account, like many of today’s journalists who have adapted to the digital age. 


Thursday, 26 April 2012

Story-Telling Exercise


John Madden: Surveyor of Life

When John Donal Madden, my grandfather, was diagnosed with Motor neurone disease in mid 2010, all I could think was that it was such a cruel twist of fate for a man who had so much life in him.

Motor neurone disease is a neurological disorder that affects motor neurons. Motor neurons are the cells that control most muscle activity such as walking, talking, eating and breathing. Motor neurone disease is of a progressive nature; eventually the sufferer is rendered disabled and will die. The particularly brutal part of the disease is that the sufferer’s mind is fully aware and able, only their body won’t respond.

I think this was the worst part of the disease for Pa, and everyone around him. Pa was an extremely intelligent man, always inventing new objects and ways to complete tasks. He was also very active for a man of his age; before being diagnosed with Motor neurone, he was 73 and still ran a farm on the Sunshine Coast with my Nana, Maureen. Nana and Pa grew a variety of fruits and flowers and their ten-acre property. They also kept bees and chickens for the honey and eggs that they produced. Every second Saturday they would get up at 2a.m., pack their truck and head down to New Farm Markets in Brisbane to sell their fruit, honey and flowers. I was their sales assistant for nearly two years, until school and my other job got too demanding. My younger brother Jake took over upon my departure, and he loved it as much as I did, despite the extremely early starts.

Nana and Pa’s story started way back in 1955. Pa was 19 years old, and Nana was 15. Nana tells everyone of the way that Pa used to drop by the pharmacy where she worked to leave her little gifts. One day Nana was sick and couldn’t make it to work. She was very surprised when Pa arrived on her doorstep with flowers and a ‘Get Well’ card; the older ladies at the pharmacy had told Pa all about Nana’s illness. The pair continued to see each other, and on Nana’s 16th birthday, Pa presented her with a silver friendship ring. Delicate flowers were engraved all around the band, and on the inside was ‘Maureen, love John’. That ring is now mine; Nana bequeathed it to me on my 16th birthday.

Pa also served in the Navy from ages 20 to 25 as a surveyor. Surveying is the science of determining the three dimensional distances and angles between points of land. Surveying is used to create land maps and boundaries. It was something that Pa loved, and continued to do right up until being diagnosed. He used to create maps of the blocks of land his children lived on, just to make sure the other maps were correct.

John and Maureen became Mr and Mrs Madden in 1961. In October 1962 they welcomed their first child, Bernard, my father. In September 1963, Michelle was born. In January 1965, they had Susan. And in April 1973, they had their youngest child Allison. The family lived very happily in Vermont, Victoria.

Being a staunch Labor supporter, politics was also something Pa was very interested in. In 1979, he was elected the Mayor of Nunawading, a suburb in East Melbourne. What followed his election was near constant media spotlight, from which my teenage father was conveniently absent most of the time. Pa served as Mayor for only a short time, until 1980.

Nana and Pa’s children all began to grow up. Bernard met Joanne, my mother, and the two married in 1989. I was born in 1994, and my brother Jake in 1996. Michelle met David Munro, they were married in 1990 but had welcomed twin girls Tahnee and Ashleigh in 1986. Their son Benjamin was born in 1991. Susan actually came out as gay in her late teenage years, and met current partner Michelle in the early 1990’s.  Little Allison married her husband Robert in 1997. The pair had two children, Cassidy, born in 2000, and Keely, born in 2002.

Starting with Nana and Pa, then my parents, the whole Madden clan relocated to the Sunshine Coast, Queensland. Nana and Pa started the farm, and Pa really got to hone his agricultural skills. The family remained close, regularly getting together for special occasions.

Fast forward to 2010. Pa felt his left hand going slightly numb. He didn’t think anything of it until a few weeks later, when the numbness began spreading. As a typical man, he put off going to the doctors until Nana forced him. The doctor’s results were that Pa had either had a small stroke, or it could be the beginning of Motor neurone. The latter was confirmed when the numbness spread up Pa’s whole arm, rendering it useless. Then the other arm started, then his legs. Eventually Pa could no longer get around without Nana, and a wheelchair. They had to stop going to the markets, and eventually had to sell their farm and move into a retirement resort. The next thing to go was Pa’s voice, and his bladder control. Nana could no longer take care of him by herself, so in early 2011 he was moved to an aged care facility in Caloundra.

The whole family went to visit him regularly. Nana sat with Pa all day and most of the night, and would do it all again the next day. However it was clear his condition was worsening. The last time I was Pa was on April 20th, 2011. He couldn’t move or speak. It was truly heart wrenching for me. This horrible disease had struck down such a smart, capable man.

John Madden died the night of April 20th, 2011. His wife, all his daughters, and two of his granddaughters surrounded him.  John Madden died an incredible man who had experienced a wealth of life experiences.

 (989 words)